Taiwan is also known as the Republic of China (ROC).  The ROC is Asia's first constitutional republic, founded in 1912. When the Chinese Communist Party established the People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Chinese mainland in 1949, the ROC government, led by the Kuomintang (KMT), relocated to Taiwan, where it maintained jurisdiction over Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and numerous other islets. The two sides of the Taiwan Strait have since been governed as separate territories and developed separate identities. 

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